The report brings together that important evidence collected by academics, private research companies, authorities and investigative journalists on the transnational crime aspects of migrant smuggling, including on routes, smuggling organization (such as criminal networking and facilitation), smuggler profiles and fees/payment. Geographic regions and countries covered in the report include: West and Central Africa; East Africa; North Africa; Europe; Turkey; Afghanistan; South Asia; South-East Asia and Australia; North-East Asia; Latin America; and the United States.