Considering factors such as climate change affecting the degree, severity and duration of many natural hazards like droughts, floods and typhoons, and the migration of people to vulnerable regions such as coastal areas and flood basins, there may well be an increase in the impacts of natural hazards on business-as-usual scenarios in the future.

One of the benefits of regional integration in ASEAN has been the ability of people to migrate freely within the region. However, while free mobility has opened up new and gainful economic opportunities and cultural integration for millions of people, it also has the potential to stress certain pockets of the region that are already experiencing high population densities, with consequences such as natural resource degradation, competition and congestion. With large sections of the migrant population settling in locations that are highly vulnerable to disasters and sea level rise, the growing level of internal migration could soon represent a vulnerability for the region. There is therefore a need to ease pressures caused by migration as well as address potential problems that could lead it into causing vulnerability.

Destruction of coastal ecosystems, loss of fishing zones, saline intrusion, forced displacement of coastal communities, damage to coastal infrastructure, damage to agricultural crops.